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On [[January 10]], [[1861]], Florida became the third state to secede from the Union and join the newly formed Confederate States of America. [[Fort Pickens]], one of three forts guarding the entrance to [[Pensacola Bay]], was held by Federal troops and never captured by Confederate forces, a feat not duplicated by any other fort in a seceding state. In the [[Battle of Santa Rosa Island]], the city of Pensacola and the two Confederate forts fought against an invading United States army and forces stationed at Fort Pickens. Pensacola surrendered to U.S. troops on [[May 10]], [[1862]], and most of the city was burned. Almost all residents evacuated inland to Greenville, Alabama. The Confederate Secretary of the Navy, [[Stephen Mallory]], was a Pensacolian and is buried in historic [[Saint Michael's Cemetery]].

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