Matt Goldsby

Matt Goldsby, left, and Jimmy Simmons are handcuffed for their arraignment at the federal courthouse.

Matthew John Goldsby was a Cantonment construction worker who, along with his fiancee, Kaye Wiggins, and Jimmy and Kathy Simmons, committed a series of abortion clinic bombings in 1984, including a trio of bombings of Christmas Day.

File:LadiesCenterBombing

The Ladies Center following the June 25 bombing.

The first bombing took place at the Ladies Center on June 25, 1984, causing more than $200,000 in damage. The bombing took place at 3:23 a.m., before employees had arrived, and there were no injuries. It was perpetrated by Goldsby and fellow First Assembly of God congregationalist Jimmy Simmons, a glass worker.

An investigation yielded no leads to the identity of the bombers. Goldsby and Simmons took this as a sign of divine approval and began plotting another bombing of the Ladies Center, which reopened a Ninth Avenue location on August 13.

Exactly six months after the first bombing, in the early dawn of Christmas Day, the Ladies Center was bombed again at its new location, along with the two offices of Drs. William Permenter and Bo Bagenholm, OB/GYNs whose practices included some abortion. (Goldsby was an aspiring weightlifter who exercised at the same gym as Bagenholm.) The damages incurred by the three bombings were about $100,000, $225,000 and $100,000, respectively. As before, there were no injuries.

Following the new bombings, the Pensacola News Journal received an anonymous letter taking credit for the bombings. The author, apparently female, wrote that the bombings were the result of guilt over an abortion she had while in the Navy.

An investigation by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms traced pipe used in the bombings to the construction company where Goldsby worked, and he was arrested on December 30. His fiancee Kaye Wiggins, along with Jimmy and Kathy Simmons, were arrested on January 2, 1985. On January 16, the two men (both 21 at the time) were each indicted on nine counts related to the bombings, while the women (both 18) were charged with seven counts each.

The two men confessed of the bombings to federal agents. The couples also held interviews and press conferences where they openly discussed the bombings, and Wiggins called the bombings "a gift to Jesus on his birthday." Regardless, they all pleaded not guilty to the charges on January 18. The couples' attorneys announced their intent to use an insanity defense, which had been affected by new federal law passed the previous October. Prosecutors agreed to drop the charges related to the June bombing, when the old law was still in effect, as the new law shifted burden of proof of insanity to the defendants.

During the trial, the prosecution described the details of the conspiracy plotted by the two couples with the code-name "Gideon Project," a reference to the Biblical figure called by God to destroy the altars where babies were sacrificed. Prosecutors showed how Kaye and Kathy were enlisted by the men to buy powder for the bombs at local gun shops. Defense attorneys argued that the defendants were torn by conflicting societal views on abortion, citing a 1982 letter by President Reagan condemning the practice, and that their deeply-held religious convictions — three were members of the First Assembly of God, and Wiggins of the Amazing Grace Tabernacle Church — led to the acts. The defense tried to appeal to the religious beliefs of the jury, calling God both "the thirteenth juror" and an "unindicted co-conspirator" in the case.

Presiding U.S. District Court Judge Roger Vinson ruled against the defense several times, first denying attempts to consolidate the three charges of bomb construction into a single charge (which attorneys argued had been constructed at the same time), then barring the testimony of a "critical" psychology witness, whom he ruled was unqualified to give an opinion on severe mental defects.

John Burt, left, protests the trial with "Baby Charlie."

Throughout the trial, anti-abortion protesters, led by local activist John Burt, picketed outside the federal courthouse. Burt carried a jar containing an aborted fetus, which he nicknamed "Baby Charlie."

On April 24, 1985, Goldsby and James Simmons were convicted by the jury on all counts related to the bombings. Wiggins and Kathy Simmons were convicted on counts of conspiracy, but acquitted of the charges that they had actually manufactured and detonated the bombs. On May 30, the two men were both sentenced to ten-year sentences, which they began on June 17, 1985, while the women received five years' probation.